B9: Can bacteria survive in the intracellular space of osteoblasts?
B10: Do intracellular bacteria play a role in propagating musculoskeletal infections?
B11: How should antimicrobial properties of an orthopedic implant be evaluated?
B12: What are the minimum data set for studying orthopedic infections?
B13: Are monoclonal antibodies capable of eradicating biofilms in orthopedic infections?
B14: Is there a role for the use of proteolytic enzymes to treat orthopedic infections?
B15: Are we certain that biofilms are the main challenge of treating implant associated infections?
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B16: Are ultrasonic debridement devices useful for removal of biofilm in orthopedic infections?
B17: Does biofilm form in the synovial fluid?
B18: Does the concept of viable but not culturable (VBNC) apply to orthopedic infections?
B20: Does biofilm have different affinities for different surfaces?
B23: Are there any methods to detect biofilms in vivo?
B24: Are biofilms carcinogenic or associated with bone tumors?
B1: How can the knowledge about the microenvironment of bone and joint infection be improved?
B3: Is there an immune proteome in PJI?
B25: What are the best strategies to prevent biofilm formation and maturation?
B26: Can electric fields be used to detach and destroy biofilm?
B27: Are there any antibiotics with anti-biofilm properties?
B28: Is Dithiothreitol useful for disrupting biofilm in synovial fluid?
B31: What conditions must exist for a bacteria to become pathogenic within a joint?
HK21: Should saline be injected into a joint during a dry aspiration(tap)?
HK22: Is there a role for synovial calprotectin for diagnosis of PJI?
HK23: Does the pH of infected synovial fluid vary from that of uninfected synovial fluid?
HK24: Is there a difference in the diagnostic yield of synovial fluid versus periarticular tissues for isolation of infective organisms causing PJI?
HK25: When taking culture of a joint, how many samples should be taken?
HK26: What is the optimal duration for holding cultures in patients with PJI?
HK28: Should intraoperative culture be obtained in ALL patients undergoing revision arthroplasty?
HK29: Should fungal and acid-fast bacilli cultures be done in all culture samples taken from joints?
HK30: Do immunocompromised patients with PJI have a different microorganism profile?
HK31: In patients with polymicrobial PJI, is there a role for determining the dominant pathogen?
HK32: Is there a role for a specialized diagnostic algorithm in patients with culture negative PJIs?
HK33: Is there a role for histopathological testing of joint tissue in the diagnosis of PJI?
HK34: What thresholds for neutrophils should we use in diagnosis of PJI?
HK36: What is the clinical significance of polymicrobial PJI when using molecular techniques?
HK37: Is there a utility for point-of-care tests for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs)?
HK38: Is there a role for antibody testing for micro-organisms in the diagnosis of PJI?
HK40: Do plain films play a role in diagnosis of PJI?
HK41: What imaging has the best ability to identify osteomyelitis in patients with SSI/PJI?
HK42: Is there a role for bone scan in diagnosis of PJI?
HK43: Is there a role for the use of MRI in diagnosis of PJI?
HK44: Is there a role for the use of CT scan for diagnosis of PJI?
HK45: Is aspiration of the joint necessary prior to reimplantation?
HK46: What metrics can we use to determine the optimal timing of reimplantation in patients undergoing two-stage exchange for PJI?
HK48: What patients are candidates for DAIR?
HK49: What is the optimal treatment for acute post-operative PJI for patients who have received uncemented implants?
HK50: Should DAIR be offered to patients with acute hematogenous PJI? Table1 Table2 Table3 Figure1
HK51: What is the optimal surgical protocol for performing DAIR in patients with acute PJI?
HK52: Should modular components be exchanged during DAIR?
HK1: Do intraarticular injections prior to primary joint arthroplasty increase the risk of SSI/PJI?
HK2a: Does prior hip arthroscopy increase the risk of a subsequent SSI/PJI in patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty?
HK2b: Does prior knee arthroscopy increase the risk of a subsequent SSI/PJI in patients undergoing elective arthroplasty?
HK4: Is the rate of PJI higher in patients who have prior UKA and undergoing conversion TKA?
HK5: Does surgical approach influence the rate of PJI after THA?
HK6: Does the use of antibiotic impregnated PMMA cement reduce the incidence of infection in patients undergoing primary joint arthroplasty?
HK9: Should antimicrobial prophylaxis be given to patients with a joint arthroplasty in place who are undergoing invasive procedures (e.g. dental, colonoscopy, cystoscopy etc.)?
HK10: What is the definition of periprosthetic infection?
HK11: In doubtful cases for PJI, what is the best intraoperative test to confirm or refute the diagnosis?
HK12: How can uninfected seroma be differentiated from collection pus in patients with SSI/PJI??
HK14: Which serological screening test should be obtained for patients undergoing revision arthroplasty?
HK17: Is there a role for serum procalcitonin for diagnosis of PJI?
HK53: Is there a role for arthroscopy in performing DAIR for patients with acute PJI?
HK54: Is there a role for repeat DAIR in patients with acute PJI of hip or knee?
HK56: Should a previously non-resurfaced patella be resurfaced in patients with acute PJI of the knee undergoing DAIR?
HK57: Does a prior DAIR influence the outcome of subsequent exchange arthroplasty in patients with PJI? TABLE,FIG1,FIG2
HK58: Does the type of infective organism influence the success rate of DAIR?
HK59: Are there absolute contraindications to performing one stage exchange arthroplasty?
HK60: During single stage exchange arthroplasty, should we use two separate instrument set-ups and redrape after resection?
HK61: Can one-stage exchange be performed in patients with culture negative PJI?
HK62: Can one stage exchange be done in patients with fungal PJI?
HK63: Can one stage exchange be done in patients with an active sinus tract?
HK64: Should collateral ligaments be removed during one-stage exchange arthroplasty for PJI of knee?
HK68: Is there a role for abbreviated two stage exchange arthroplasty?
HK69: What is the optimal management of infected hemiarthroplasty of the hip?
HK70: What is the optimal management of infected unicondylar arthroplasty of the knee?
HK71: For how long does antibiotic elude from cement spacers? Table 1, Table2, Table3
HK74: Does the type of spacer (hand made vs manufactured vs primary implant) influence the outcome of two stage exchange arthroplasty?
HK75: Is there a role for 1.5 stage exchange arthroplasty?
HK76: What, if any, are the indications for exchange of cement spacers?
HK78: Is there a difference in outcome when arthrodesis versus above the knee amputation is performed in patients with intractable PJI of knee?
HK79: What tool or instrument should we utilize to determine the success of treatment of patients with PJI?
HK80: How soon after treatment of patients with PJI can success be declared?
HK81: What is the optimal prophylactic antibiotic for patients undergoing primary arthroplasty?
HK85: Is there a role for intraosseous administration of prophylactic antibiotics?
HK86: What is the optimal prophylactic antibiotic for patients undergoing assumed aseptic arthroplasty?
HK87: Should antibiotic prophylaxis be altered for patients undergoing primary joint arthroplasty secondary to prior septic arthritis?
HK88: Should prophylactic antibiotics be withheld during revision arthroplasty for aseptic failure until culture samples are taken?
HK89: Should prophylactic antibiotics be altered for patients , undergoing primary arthroplasty who have a history of prior PJI in another joint?
HK91: What factors should be taken into account when deciding on the dose and type of antimicrobials to be added to PMMA spacers?
HK93: What antibiotics should be added to PMMA cement-spacer in patients undergoing resection arthroplasty for culture negative PJI?
HK94: What is the optimal antimicrobial treatment for patients with culture negative PJI?
HK95: Does intraarticular antibiotic infusion have a role in management of patients with PJI?
HK96: What is the optimal duration of antimicrobial treatment for patients undergoing debridement and implant retention for acute PJI?
HK100: Should prolonged antimicrobials be given to patients who have undergone recent reimplantation surgery with all cultures being negative?
HK102: Is there a role for suppressive antibiotic treatment only in patients with PJI?
G19: Should patients undergoing major orthopedic procedures be screened for malnutrition?
G20: Is there a role for nutritional supplementation in patients undergoing surgical procedures for orthopedic implant associated infections?
G23: Does the use of anabolic steroid increase the risk of SSI/PJI in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G32: What is the optimal irrigation solution for the patients undergoing major orthopedic procedures?
G33: Is there an optimal volume of irrigation solution in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
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G38: Should prophylactic antibiotics be repeated in patients with excessive blood loss?
G40: How many pairs of gloves should the surgical team wear during major orthopedic procedures?
G41: How often should gloves be changed during major orthopedic procedures?
G43: Does operative time influence the incidence of SSI/PJI after major orthopedic surgery?
G45: Does the type of administered anesthesia (general vs regional) influence the rate of SSI/PJI in major orthopedic surgery?
G46: Does intraoperative normothermia influence the rate of subsequent SSI/PJI in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G47: Does the frequency of operating room door opening influence the rate of SSI/PJI in major orthopedic surgery?
G49: Does administration of intravenous steroids (dexamethasone) during major orthopedic procedures increase the risk of subsequent SSI/PJI?
G50: Does the type of wound closure (sutures vs staples vs glue) influence the rate of SSI/PJI in major orthopedic surgery?
G51: Does the use of triclosan impregnated sutures reduce the risk for subsequent SSI in patients undergoing major orthopedic procedures?
G52: Is there a role for the use of resorbable agents that can deliver antibiotics locally for prevention of infection in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery
G1: Is there a genetic predisposition to developing SSI/PJI after major orthopedic procedures?
G2: Does air travel just before surgery influence the rate of SSI in patients undergoing major orthopedic procedures?
G4: Does preoperative skin decolonization reduce the incidence of postoperative infections in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G6: What is the optimal nasal decolonization agent for patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G7: Should administration of prophylactic antibiotics be weight-based?
G8: Should prophylactic antibiotics be altered for patients who are carriers of MRSA?
G9: What is the optimal antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with penicillin allergy?
G12: Does asymptomatic urinary bacteriuria increase the risk of SSI/PJI in in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G13: What are the modifiable risk factors for postoperative infection in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G14: Is preoperative anemia a risk factor for SSI/PJI for patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G54: Does the use of povidone-iodine-coated implants reduce the incidence of SSI/PJI in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G55: Are there any modified implant surfaces proven to reduce the incidence of clinical infection following major orthopedic procedures?
G56: Does the use of hydrogel-coated implants reduce the incidence of SSI/PJI in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G57: Is there a role for bacteriophage therapy in treatment of orthopedic infections?
G58: Is there a role for phage lysins in treatment of patients with orthopedic infections?
G59: Is there a role for antimicrobial peptides as a treatment modality on patients with orthopedic infections?
G60: Is there a role for the use of phytochemicals in management of patients with orthopedic implant associated infections?
G62: What is the optimal management of patients with persistent wound drainage who have undergone recent major orthopedic procedure?
G64: Is there a role for hydrophobic wound coverage in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G65: Is there a role for the use of INPWT in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G66: Do surgical drains increase the risk of subsequent SSI in patients undergoing major orthopedic procedures?
G67: Does the type of venous thromboprophylaxis affect the incidence of SSI/PJI in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery?
G69: Are skin swabs useful for isolation of infective organism causing surgical site infection after major orthopedic procedures?
G71: What are the optimal sampling and processing techniques for cultures obtained during any revision surgery?
G72: Is there a role for sonification of implants obtained during revision surgery?
G73: How can we distinguish pathogenic microbes from normal microbiota in the musculoskeletal system?
G74: What are risk factors for development of Mycobacterial infections?
G75: Is there a role for dual antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing orthopedic procedures?
G77: What is the optimal antimicrobial treatment for patients with multidrug-resistant implant related infections?
G78: Can oral antimicrobials be used for the treatment of implant associated infections?
G80: What is the most optimal antibiotic treatment of patients with implant associated infections caused by Cutibacterium acne?
G83a: What is the optimal antimicrobial treatment for patients with orthopaedic infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
G83b: What is the optimal antimicrobial treatment for patients with orthopaedic infections caused by Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM)?
G86: Should antimicrobial treatment target MIC or MBEC of organisms?
G89: Is there a role for the administration of newer and long-acting antibiotics such as Dalbavancin, Oritavancin, fosfomycin, or 5th generation cephalosporins?
G90: Given recent warnings regarding the use of fluoroquinolones, is there a role for these antibiotics in the management of implant-associated staphylococcal and Gram-negative orthopedic infections, when other alternative antibiotic options are available?
G91: What antibiotics are available for patients with implant associated infections caused by fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative organisms?
G92: Is there any antibiotic in development that has better bone penetration?
G93: Should immune status of patients with orthopedic infections be evaluated?
G94: Is there a role for immunotherapy in patients with orthopedic implant associated infections?
G96: Should implant associated orthopedic infections be treated in specialized centers?
G97: Is mortality increased in patients with orthopedic implant associated infections?
G99: How can we capture the physical and psychological impact of orthopedic infections on patients?
G100: Is the epidemiology of orthopedic implant associated infections changing?
G101: Can registries be used to conduct research on orthopedic infections?
G102: Does public reporting of SSI rates for institutions contribute towards prevention of SSI?
Sh26: Is arthroscopic biopsy/culture efficacious for the diagnosis of PJI?
Sh30: Should a negative control sample be sent at the time of revision surgery?
Sh45: Should all cultures be sent for mycobacterial testing?
Sh47: Skip
Sh49: Is there a role for bone scan in diagnosis of PJI?
Sh50: Is there a role for the use of MRI in diagnosis of PJI?
Sh51: Does the use of CT SPECT scans help in the diagnosis of shouldr PJI?
Sh52: Is there a role of CT PET scans in the diagnosis of shoulder PJI?
Sh60: Should bacterial virulence determine antibiotic treatment?
Sh63: What is the optimal oral abx for chronic suppression?
Sh64: What is the optimal oral or IV antibiotic treatment in cases of culture negatve PJI?
Sh66: What is the optimal surgical protocol for performing DAIR in patients with acute PJI?
Sh77: Should bone graft or cement be removed during treatment of acute shoulder PJI?
Sh78: Should bone graft or cement be removed in treatment for subacute or chronic shoulder PJI?
Sh1: Is there evidence for sex/gender specific approaches to prevention of PJI?
Sh2: Is there a role for prolonged peri-operative antibiotics to prevent acute post-operative PJI?
Sh4: Is testosterone supplementation associated with increased risk of shoulder PJI?
Sh6: How does surgical time influence risk of PJI?
Sh7: How shoulder antibiotics be managed in outpatient shoulder arthroplasty?
Sh9: Does the use of pyrocarbon prevent shoulder PJI?
Sh11: Is there efficacy of antibiotic powder during skin closure on PJI prevention?
Sh12: What is the association between hgb a1c and shoulder PJI?
Sh13: Should a bovie be used for skin incision?
Sh14: Should iodine impregnated drapes be used?
Sh15: Should hair be clipped from the shoulder?
Sh22: Does the type of shoulder arthroplasty affect the rate of acute post-operative PJI?
Sp40: Are Modic changes representative of primary endplate infections?
Sp42: What is the most reliable and accurate classification for primary spinal infection?
Sp47: Do all pyogenic psoas abscesses need to be drained?
Sp49: What is the optimal management of patients with spinal infection and inconclusive biopsy?
